Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: define and compare managerial accounting functions, processes and responsibilities; distinguish between cash management, auditing, and financial reporting methods; understand and define cost classifications and formulas, and calculate cost and profit analyses; evaluate cash flow, income statements, inventory and costing systems; describe the activity-based costing process; identify and distinguish between the components of budgets and standard cost evaluations; examine accounting reporting tools and reporting responsibilities; learn how to calculate, analyze and make decisions regarding costs, investments, budgeting, spending and cash flow; explain how financial statements, income statement, balance sheets and cash flow statements are prepared and used; and interpret and analyze various types of financial statements.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: appraise the process involved in corporate governance and how it applies to managerial accounting; evaluate the reports that make up the financial statements and how to prepare them; summarize the functions of cost classifications, cost allocation, and job order cost systems; breakdown cost-volume-profit analysis and how it relates to income statements; dissect how firms decide on a pricing strategy and the different pricing methods; summarize how companies set standard costs and why they are advantageous; point out the different methods, ratios and formulas important in financial analysis; evaluate the software programs pertinent to managerial accounting, and discover their benefits; and assess the different types of budgeting, including capital budgeting, why budgeting is important, and different methods for budgeting.

Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to compare and contrast the levels, roles, and functions of management; distinguish between modern theories of management, including quality management and systems management theory; break down quantitative management and the roles of branches such as operations management ; illustrate the types of planning and its function in management; model different types of organizations, including centralized and decentralized organizations; examine leadership and its role in organizations and the difference between a manager and a leader; analyze the role of motivation in the workplace and how managers affect motivation; illustrate the communication process and the role of organizational communication; analyze the decision making process and describe tools used to make informed decisions; outline the importance of business ethics in contemporary business; investigate controlling and its function in management; and relate the managerial functions in international organizations and characteristics of an international manager.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: think like an entrepreneur and how to translate a personal vision into a business vision; identify opportunities and how to identify the best fit customer for a product or service; summarize the basic steps to starting your own business by developing a business identity and methods to deliver a product or service to the market; understand the role of a business plan through the use of value proposition and the business model canvas; identify the range of marketing options available to an entrepreneur from advertising, networking, word of mouth and online marketing; identify the characteristics of a “window of opportunity” and the environmental trends that are instrumental in creating business opportunities; compare and analyze the methods used for sustained growth in a business.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: define mentoring and differentiate between formal and informal mentoring, synchronous and asynchronous mentoring, and mentoring and coaching; apply best practices for designing and planning mentoring programs, including virtual mentoring programs; identify common failure points in mentoring programs and apply techniques for monitoring and evaluating mentoring programs; summarize the roles, responsibilities, and characteristics of mentors and mentees; match mentors with mentees; compare and contrast stages in a mentoring relationship; list fun and professional activities for mentors and mentees; identify and overcome barriers, including communication barriers, commonly encountered in a mentoring relationship; describe new leadership and service leadership theories, use emotional intelligence and effective communication in leadership, motivate others, and solve problems related to management and supervision; summarize approaches to effective goal development for teams, independent learning, and career advancement; compare goal results with goal achievements; identify career and occupational development stages, describe workplace satisfaction issues and identify opportunities to change or grow careers; and practice soft skills relating to business, including self-management, time management, stress management, adaptability, collaboration, teamwork, conflict resolution, and networking.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: explain the theory, processes, and practices of negotiation and conflict resolution; apply the terminology used in negotiation, analyze target and resistance points, summarize the role of BATNA and WATNA on negotiation and assess the role of reciprocity in negotiation; compare distributive bargaining and integrative bargaining, discuss the role of power, point out hardball tactics hardball tactics and analyze the role of trust and dilemma of disclosure in a negotiation; apply effective conflict management, communication and influence techniques to a given scenario; contrast various negotiation strategies, break down the problem-solving process and explain the role of perception and bias on negotiation; dissect each of the phases of negotiation and discuss common negotiation pitfalls and how to avoid them; compare the various types of personal and work-related negotiations with attention to level of relationship building and human capital; and adapt theories of cultural dimensions to an international negotiation scenario.

Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to: explain how the evolution of management theories over time has impacted the way managers communicate with others; describe how managerial communications impacts processes and relationships, both within and outside the organization; explain how a manager's communication proficiency can impact their team's ability to solve problems, resolve conflicts, and make decisions; apply strategies for effective internal and external written communications; determine appropriate strategies for effective oral communications; identify the role of technology in managerial communications, and how it impacts the manager's interactions with others in the organization.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: discuss the implementation of a financial management system and the role of a financial manager; calculate present values of investments, investment performance, and overall valuation of investments; determine how to make investment decisions based on the CAPM, interest rates, and cost-benefit analysis; analyze cash flow to prepare a cash flow statement for decision making and calculate the cost of capital; understand capital requirements, bonds, and fixed assets, and how they influence market conditions; explain dividend yields, stock repurchases, rate of returns, and systematic and unsystematic risks; describe the process of creating a financial plan and budget for a business, including capital budgeting and cash budgeting; and evaluate financial statements using important fiscal ratios, valuation, and forecasting.

Version 1 and 2: Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: compare the different methods and processes involved in exploratory marketing research: qualitative and quantitative research, the literature review process, observational research, methods of gathering data, and ethnographic research; facilitate survey marketing research and distinguish between the different methods and styles of descriptive research, including sampling methods, social research data and external market research; outline the process and methods involved in causal marketing research, including the causal effect, causal and relational hypotheses, and use experiments to collect social research data; categorize and evaluate the different types and methods of data analysis and data analytics tools, and collect that data within a formal report; assess trends and issues within marketing research, including: mobile marketing, customer experience and retention, ethics, and data-driven business decisions; and design and report on market research performed through four phases of the information research process, including determining the problem, selecting the research design, executing the research design, and communicating the research results.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: discuss the historical tradition of public speaking and different types of speeches; analyze informal and formal methods for conducting audience analysis; examine the general and specific purpose of a speech as well as techniques for generating main ideas and developing a thesis; differentiate primary and secondary research; evaluate types of supporting material and source credibility; survey criteria for selecting main and supporting ideas; research organizational patterns for informative and persuasive speeches; analyze the uses of preparation and speaking outlines as well as components of a speech's introduction, transitions, and conclusions; contrast written and oral language styles as well as impromptu, extemporaneous, manuscript and memorized speeches; discuss strategies for developing effective, informative, and persuasive speeches as well as special occasion speeches designed to entertain; explain components of rhetorical proof and the differences between inductive, deductive, causal, and analogical reasoning; and describe methods for evaluating oneself as a speaker as well as guidelines for evaluating other public speakers.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to:dissect the early history of slavery in the United States in the contexts of economics, politics, trade, and the Constitution; understand the impact of the Abolitionist movement on the culture of pre-Civil War America; summarize the territorial and demographic issues that impacted the U.S. before the Civil War; compare and contrast the works of influential authors during the Civil War; diagram the succession of the Southern states and the formation of the Confederacy; express how politics, economics, African Americans, and women affected Civil War America; analyze and report on the major battles from 1861-1865; consider the roles of important generals and presidents and their impact on the Civil War; evaluate foreign affairs and military strategies during the Civil War; and measure the lasting impact of the Civil War on Americans during and after the Reconstruction.

Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to: analyze how antisemitism and Nazi racial ideology contributed to the formation of the "Final Solution to the Jewish Question"; identify the victims and perpetrators of the Holocaust; summarize the major components of the Holocaust, including: isolation of Jews from mainstream society, removal of Jews from society to places such as ghettos, the euthanasia programs, death by mass shootings, death in labor camps and the killing centers, reactions to the persecution and murder of the Jews by non-Jews, and resistance by Jews and non-Jews; argue whether the "Final Solution" was planned prior to the beginning of WWII or evolved over the course of the war in response to the changing circumstances of the conflict; and compare the Holocaust to other instances of genocide (including reactions by the international community) after World War II.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: solve and graph linear equations and systems of equations; solve for absolute value; factor polynomials and quadratics; graph parabolas and polynomials; perform operations with functions; perform operations with rational expressions; evaluate logarithms and solve equations; solve exponential equations; solve factorials and binomials; and use summation notation.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: write and solve mathematical modeling equations, including those pertaining to cost determination, economic equilibrium and relating a 2- dimensional figure's side lengths, perimeter and area; evaluate linear equations, 1- and 2- variable inequalities and systems of equations; factor and solve quadratic equations, including solving by utilizing the quadratic formula; complete operations involving rational expressions and solve rational equations; complete operations involving polynomials, including factoring polynomials using the remainder, factor and rational zero theorems as well as synthetic division; evaluate absolute value expressions and solve and graph absolute value equations and inequalities; complete operations involving complex numbers and graph complex numbers on the complex plane; graph different types of functions, including inverse functions, square root functions, cube root functions and functions of functions; detect symmetry graphically, numerically and algebraically; evaluate logarithms, including rewriting logarithmic equations in exponential form, graphing logarithmic functions and identifying a logarithmic function's vertical asymptote, domain and range; and define and utilize the derivative, including demonstrating its relationship to the rate of change.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: define tourism management, identify why people travel and an historical overview of the tourism industry; apply tourism planning strategies used by UNTWO(World Tourism Organization); and other tourism planners and identify sustainability practices in tourism planning; differentiate between the hotels, cruise ships and casinos in terms of classifications and ratings, departments and divisions and modes of transportation used in tourism; understand the role of intermediaries in tourism; analyze social, cultural and economic issues that affect tourism; create tourism marketing strategies; and identify emerging tourism trends.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: use imperfect progressive and preterite (past) verb tenses in Spanish; discuss health and safety issues, and identify parts of the body in Spanish; choose the correct relative pronouns in conversation and translate daily activities such as chores and errands from and into Spanish; distinguish between formal and informal commands, and determine the context in which to use both; use the regular and irregular future tenses in Spanish to discuss academic and career plans; differentiate between the indicative and subjunctive tenses in Spanish, and use the subjunctive to express uncertainty, doubt or desire; articulate feelings and sentiment about social life and relationships in Spanish; recall how to make a request, place an order, and negotiate price in Spanish; recognize the cultural patterns of different regions and countries in Central and South America.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: compare and contrast the different theoretical approaches to human growth and development, including those of Freud, Erikson, and Piaget; analyze research methods used in the study of human growth and development; illustrate how genetics affects intelligence and temperament; outline the role genetics plays in the development of psychological disorders; describe and explain the stages of development from newborns to adults; assess how intelligence changes throughout the life span; describe the stages of language development; model Erikson's stages of psychosocial development; evaluate attachment theory and how it works in infants; and compare and contrast developmental abnormalities, mood disorders, and mental disabilities.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: discuss the field of industrial/organizational psychology, describe what it is, and outline its history, compare and contrast social scientific research methods, and how social scientific research methodology is used by Industrial Organizational psychologists, appraise personnel functions in organizations; examine how jobs are analyzed, how workers are recruited and selected for jobs, how workers’ job performance is evaluated, and how workers are trained; examine psychological states that influence employee work behavior: the motivation to work, the satisfaction one gets from a job, and the stress that occurs because of job demands, relate how workers interact in the formation of work groups and larger work organizations and critique interactions of workers and work groups.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: chronicle the history of modern psychology using the process of historiography, examine the history of the care of America's mentally ill, including the evolution of mental asylums and the growth of American psychiatry, critique the philosophical and physiological viewpoints that led to the birth of the "new" psychology in Germany, compare and contrast the major systems (or schools) of psychology, namely structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, psychoanalysis, and Gestalt psychology, appraise the history of the science of psychology and the history of psychological practice in America, focusing on four applied specialties: clinical, counseling, industrial/organizational, and school psychology, judge the accomplishments of the first generation of American women psychologists, including the relevance to the history of psychology.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: assess how different perspectives influence society’s definition of aging; evaluate global population trends among older adults, taking into consideration gender, racial, ethnic, and location differences; identify different issues related to gerontological research, including different research tools, measurements, and methodologies, as well as different risks and special considerations for research with elderly populations; summarize the impact of biological aging on health, wellness, and susceptibility to different chronic diseases; compare different models of personality among aging adults, including Havinghurt’s model, the five-factor model, and the Neo-Freudian perspective; analyze how memory, cognition, intelligence, and creativity change with age; explain the risks of mental illness and substance abuse for older adults; describe and evaluate different ways in which aging affects the senses; identify common social and career changes that occur in later adulthood, and summarize how these changes affect older adults and steps they can take to maintain fulfillment later in life; break down the five stages of death and bereavement.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: differentiate the components and purposes of various costing methods, techniques, and formulas including cost accounting, job-order costing systems, process costing, and variable and activity-based costing; use cost accounting formulas, such as those used to calculate the break-even point, target net income, gross profit margin, and contribution margin; assess how different industries use activity-based costing methods to determine the costs of various products or services; breakdown the purpose and components of the master budget; dissect the process of CVP analysis to determine the relationship between company costs, revenue and sales volume; summarize effective techniques for estimations and planning, such as using employ regression analysis to achieve project cost goals; analyze various aspects of cost accounting in inventory, such as inventory accounts, goods and inventory statements, and methods of inventory cost calculations; and evaluate modern trends in managerial accounting and their effects on business strategy, such as how and why predictive accounting has risen in popularity.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to:compare and contrast the nucleic acids DNA and RNA; differentiate the parts of cells and explain cell biology; understand genetics and the principles of heredity; describe and analyze metabolic biochemistry; classify organisms to demonstrate a fundamental understanding of taxonomy; analyze how the circulatory, respiratory, digestive, excretory, musculo-skeletal, nervous and immune systems work; demonstrate how ecosystems form and evolve; illustrate the theory and principles of evolution; and explain the history of life on Earth.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: analyze DNA and RNA replication, types and structure, prokaryotic transcription, eukaryotic transcription, the genetic code, and protein synthesis; examine the basic principles of genetics, properties of alleles, Mendel's laws, complementation tests, exceptions to simple dominance, polygenic traits, epistasis, and heredity; compare and contrast invertebrate and vertebrate model organisms, the pattern formation in the basic body plan, and the different types of genes; analyze the theory of evolution, the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, natural selection, inbreeding, genetic fitness, and speciation; summarize what causes mutations, including mutagens, irradiation, and DNA base excision repair; breakdown human genetics research, including pedigrees, population genetics, genetic disorders, sex chromosomes, and genetic testing; review topics related to comparative genomics, such as homology, prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and chromosomes; and relate the polymerase chain reaction, cloning, genetic modification, and the Human Genome Project.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to;illustrate the structure and explain the function of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems; categorize the organs of the digestive system and explain their role in digestion; illustrate the urinary system and how the body is detoxified; diagram the structure and explain the function and common disorders of the endocrine system; analyze the structure and function of the brain and nervous system; summarize the senses and how they function; outline and model the muscular system, including muscle cells, tissues, contraction, and gross anatomy; differentiate the bones in the human body and describe the function of the skeletal system; and define the anatomy and physiology of the male and female reproductive systems.

Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to: analyze the nature of business and entrepreneurship; evaluate how the economy, law, technology, competition, and society impact businesses and the global market; differentiate the forms and types of business ownership; summarize organizational management in terms of management and leadership levels, skills and roles; assess the importance of employee motivation and performance reviews; break down the cycle of business production and sales; investigate risk management through learning about ways to manage it and insurance coverage options; describe the role of money in business, including accounting, securities, and financial institutions; analyze the nature of business and entrepreneurship; evaluate how the economy, law, technology, competition, and society impact businesses and the global market; differentiate the forms and types of business ownership; summarize organizational management in terms of management and leadership levels, skills and roles; assess the importance of employee motivation and performance reviews; break down the cycle of business production and sales; investigate risk management through learning about ways to manage it and insurance coverage options; describe the role of money in business, including accounting, securities, and financial institutions.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: define and outline the components of an information system; diagram and describe the hardware components of a computer system; identify and appraise common systems and application software, including operating systems; summarize how the Internet, Intranet, and Extranet work, and differentiate between them; categorize and explain the components of a telecommunications system; diagram and explain decision support systems and other specialized information systems; describe the process of software development and management tools used in the software development process; break down why information systems use the database approach to data management; evaluate the impact of information technology on society and privacy; and summarize the basics of programming and steps in the programming process.

Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to: summarize the primary objective of human resource management (HRM), how it fits within an organization, ethics, and study its history; categorize the Classical Scientific School of Management and Fayol's theories on worker satisfaction and staff management; analyze the definition of job design and how empowerment and job design are connected; review hiring and staffing, recruitment, common selection methods, how to assess an organization's training needs, and find out about the different types and methods of employee training programs and new hire orientation; examine the benefits and uses of appraisals, performance appraisal types, and the uses of reliability and validity in assessment; compare and contrast direct and indirect compensation, common compensation systems, compensation equity, and mandatory and voluntary benefits; explain at-will employment, privacy, work-life balance, workplace stress, wage and income regulations, and safety; outline the history and purpose of labor relations, including the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO), collective-bargaining, unions, strikes, lockouts, the executive orders of 1962 and 1978, and labor relations trends; distinguish the four global staffing approaches and expatriate staffing; and illustrate what Affirmative Action is through workplace diversity, ability and disability diversity, cultural, and age diversity.

Upon completion of the course, students will be able to: summarize theories of ethics and factors affecting ethical behavior in the workplace; understand how employees, managers, and stakeholders function within a company; identify the government's role in regulating businesses; identify how businesses, the government, and the economy impact one another; distinguish techniques for managing different types of diversity in the workplace; recognize the interdependence between business and community; identify the impact of the media industry and journalism on businesses; distinguish between ethical and unethical marketing and advertising; evaluate strategies social activists and businesses use against each other; determine the stages involved in becoming an ecologically sustainable organization; and understand the ethical issues with international business, globalization, and domestic and international trade policy.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: compare and convert percentages, fractions, mixed numbers, and decimals; graph and solve 1- and 2- variable linear equations and quadratic functions using a variety of methods; compute slopes, midpoints, and distances using formulas; calculate probabilities for simple and compound events; identify and calculate statistical values such as mean, median, mode, range, and standard deviation; compute depreciation and report it on balance sheets; compare common terms pertaining to credit, interest, and purchases; solve interest, markups, markdowns, annual rates, and other financial equations; distinguish and calculate types of costs, ratios, stocks, and bonds; and demonstrate understanding of gross pay, net pay, taxes, and exchange rates.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: identify the types of communication common in the workplace; communicate appropriately with different social and cultural groups; understand the roles of listening, nonverbal communication, and verbal communication in group settings; describe how business theories, ethics, and management styles help supervisors communicate effectively with employees; plan, develop, and finalize messages appropriate for the workplace; use appropriate written and verbal communication techniques to enhance and strengthen workplace communication; draft proper business reports and proposals that are ready for publication; create and deliver business presentations using common technological tools; and write a resume and cover letter customized to fit a particular job opening.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: evaluate the characteristics and the role of leadership in the business environment; analyze business leadership management methods, styles and strategies utilized in effective business leadership; assess leadership practices, controls, communication skills and decision-making skills; identify the relationship between business leadership and management in business; discuss leadership in international and culturally diverse business environments; describe how leaders resolve workplace conflict in a business setting; evaluate the ethical, legal, and social responsibilities in leadership management.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: analyze leadership communication, evaluate the leader follower relationship, explain the importance of a positive leadership ethos, and discuss the intricacies of organizational communication; appraise the communication process, compare types and styles of communication, and appraise the role of leadership storytelling to motivation; compare major leadership theories and explain how they relate to leadership communication and critique various leadership styles and philosophies; evaluate the relationship between leadership and power, point out the benefits of employee empowerment, and discuss how to communicate power; explain the leaders impact on organizational culture, discuss the importance of communicating expectations to employees, contrast the Pygmalion and Galatea effect, and discuss cross cultural communication strategies; analyze the role of a leader in work teams, explain the relationship between the leader and group members, discuss the use of delegation in work teams, compare the emergent and appointed leader; defend the importance of ethical policies, analyze the role of ethics in interpersonal communication, break down the ethical decision-making process, discuss how to manage ethics; summarize the role of leadership communication in workforce diversity, and appraise the importance of diversity training; analyze the impact of interpersonal skills, personality and emotional intelligence on leadership communication.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: classify and analyze effective leadership, trustworthy leadership, contingency theory, positional power, and personal power; illustrate the benefits and challenges of managing a diverse workforce; differentiate personality types, attitudes, and perceptions, and consider how they affect job satisfaction and workplace behavior; distinguish motivational theories, reward systems, empowerment, and involvement programs; discuss and generalize about group vs. individual behavior, decision making, thinking, performance, and problem solving; dissect sources and types of conflict, conflict resolution, mediation and arbitration, and the five steps of negotiation; compare organizational structures and designs, including boundary-less organizations and lean organizations; discuss business ethics, ethical issues, and social responsibility; and evaluate and explain factors that cause change, how to overcome barriers to change, and apply Lewin's 3-stage model of change and Kotter's 8-step change model to an organization.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: compare various digital marketing strategies (including email marketing, SEO, and advertising) and justify best practices for each; interpret and rank segmentation and targeting techniques in marketing; summarize and weigh how to use marketing and web analytics; connect and correlate digital marketing strategies to specific campaign goals; evaluate mobile marketing trends in advertising; analyze and assemble digital advertising campaigns; and organize and prioritize policies to have customer engagement and relations support marketing objectives.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: prepare a project by diagraming business cases, project feasibility studies, and calculations of opportunity cost; analyze the steps involved in project planning, such as resource management, work breakdown structure, and contingencies; outline the creation and evaluation of project proposals; assess management of time and cost on a project, risk management, procurement and resource leveling, and the creation of status reports; formulate the metrics of project management, the procedure for closing a project and the compilation of a report, and post-project customer review; estimate the cost of a project, the value of work, cost variance, efficiency, and cost control; compare the variables in, and types of, supplier contracts and vendors; evaluate team goals, objectives, conflicts while comparing the benefits of virtual teams and methods of effective communication; consider contemporary organizational designs, the functional structure, and the matrix structure; and appraise the methods and tools of system development, life cycles, development of a graphical user interface, application development, and project roles for system development.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: examine the importance of organizational communications and how to communicate effectively in organizations; consider the history and key theories of organizational communications; analyze forces that benefit or hinder effective communications inside and outside the organization; understand the different roles of organizational communication including the transfer of information, transactional process, strategic control, and balance of creativity and constraint; distinguish how communication and organizational cultures are related; express the role of verbal and nonverbal messages as well as effective use based on culture and gender; and differentiate theory and practice regarding team building, networking, and meeting management.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: analyze supply chain management, its history, and its key terms; distinguish between the different types of quality management in supply chain management; diagram an example of supply chain strategy and design a supply chain for a company; evaluate international and domestic supply chains, including advantages and disadvantages of each; assess the logistics of inventory management through the business, supplier, and customer network; create a sustainable and lean supply chain for a company, including environmentally sound choices and waste elimination; appraise the performance of a supply chain; and decide the product distribution strategy for a business.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: define and discuss the objectives of the employment relationship and of labor relations; recognize and discuss the major events, organizations and key strategies in U.S. labor history; articulate and discuss the key provisions, goals and rationales of significant U.S. labor laws, regulations and procedures; evaluate, discuss and compare implications of the structure and strategies used by labor unions and business organizations; discuss and construct the union organizing process; analyze various types of collective bargaining and negotiation tactics as well as processes and resolution strategies for avoiding and/or resolving conflicts, disputes and impasses; identify and describe the general administration of the union contract and analyze how contract grievances are processed and resolved; compare and contrast the similarities and differences among private and public sector labor relations activity; and articulate and discuss common characteristics of international labor relations structures and systems.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: describe the history of criminology and identify and distinguish the various criminology theories and schools of thought; define and compare different types of crime and understand the appropriate methods of punishment for each; explain the history, structure, and function of the United States criminal justice system; describe the litigation process and what it entails; recall the history of corrections and probation and describe prison culture and the evolution of the juvenile justice system; examine the present-day controversies related to criminal justice, including those regarding policing styles, Constitutional Law, and criminal sentencing (capital punishment); recognize the various levels of law enforcement (local, state, and federal) and the duties for each; compare the organization of federal and state court systems and the relationship between them; identify the function and jurisdiction of original, appellate, and Supreme Court systems; define the roles of courtroom participants and explain courtroom processes; recognize the various law types (criminal, civil, public, and private); and evaluate different criminal trials in the U.S. Justice System.

Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to: analyze the nature and purpose of criminal law, and the sources of criminal law; explain the differences between substantive and procedural law; assess the elements of criminal liability, and how those elements manifest themselves in specific crimes; apply legal principles to factual situations; differentiate and understand the historical background of criminal law, common law, codified statutes, the model penal code, and federal and state statutes; evaluate factual patterns, determine whether conduct will result in criminal sanctions and reach conclusions determining what criminal charges, if any, will be levied;  analyze the elements of each criminal offense, differentiate between the levels of crime, and assess elements of each offense; identify conduct that will make an individual criminally culpable for his/her actions.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: describe basic scientific concepts including the scientific method, periodic table, experimental design, key principals of elements and matter, and the metric system; differentiate between catastrophism and uniformitarianism, numerical and relative dating, and the principles of relative dating and radioactive dating; analyze the internal and external forces that shape Earth through looking at the four spheres of Earth, the mechanism of plate tectonics and continental drift, causes and types of volcanoes, and the cause of earthquakes; compare and contrast the physical properties of minerals and rocks, including sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic rocks; discuss mechanical weathering, chemical weathering, rates of weathering rock, types of erosion and wasting and deformation causes, stages and byproducts; outline the water cycle, distribution of water, drainage basins, stream flow, groundwater systems, and the effect of erosion and deposition on land forms; categorize types of glaciers, glacier movement, glacier budget, erosion, deposition, glaciation and causes of glaciation; relate continental margins, ocean basins, properties of ocean water, marine organisms, coastal hazards, tsunamis and shoreline erosion; investigate atmosphere composition and weather through looking at atmosphere structure, solar radiation, temperature, clouds, wind, humidity, air pressure, types of storms and heat transfer; and evaluate the weather by studying wind, air pressure, atmospheric circulation, air masses, weather fronts, tornadoes, thunderstorms, cyclones.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: analyze economic scarcity, choice, and calculating opportunity cost; identify market demand schedule, market supply schedule, and interpret market equilibrium; examine unemployment rates, inflation, gross domestic product, and the consumer price index; compare financial asset types and financial market categories; describe the basic functions of money, the fractional reserve system, money demand, and interest rates; demonstrate the time value of money and the money supply; explain foreign currency exchange, how fiscal policies affect the exchange rate, and how currency changes affect imports and exports; and summarize net exports, capital flows, trade balance, markets, and trade restrictions.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: apply the principles of differentiated instruction; create differentiated instruction plans based on student readiness, student interests, and learner profiles; summarize the benefits of technology as an instructional tool; evaluate the importance of assessments in differentiated instruction; identify and utilize different strategies of differentiated instruction; explain classroom management techniques for the differentiated instruction classroom; and apply strategies for adapting instruction to learner needs.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: compare and contrast poetry and prose and identify various literary devices such as rhyme and magical realism; analyze Old and Middle English literature to discover the emergence of genre, vernacular, and frame narratives; demonstrate how the themes, plot, and characters of the Renaissance in English literature shape contemporary literature; dissect major works from the 17th and 18th century to understand their effect on society through religion, satire, and romance; survey the romantic period through poetry and prose to analyze the themes of emotion, nature, and beauty; discuss the effects of Victorian literature on social and class issues; evaluate turn-of-the-century literature to distinguish how themes of fear, vanity, and oppression connect to each author's personal struggle; analyze modernist literature and discuss modern literary devices such as stream of consciousness and nonlinear plot lines; and consider the effect of criticism and nonfiction in English literature.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: infer the meaning of words using context clues such as connotation, denotation, tone, and mood; analyze different types of poetry including blank verse, free verse, narrative poems, and lyric poetry; interpret the meaning in different types of prose such as novels, short stories, and folktales; distinguish between different types of dramatic writing, including tragedy, comedy, farce, melodrama, and mixed forms; define and summarize different literary terms such as metaphor, synecdoche, metonymy, clichés, equivocations, allusion, themes, and motif; compare and contrast different types of points of view, including limited, objective, and omniscient; and write and proofread literary analysis essays.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: compose a short research proposal and create an outline; identify the components of a research paper; write a research paper; write an argumentative essay; compile research and determine appropriate resources for research papers; demonstrate how to correctly document sources; understand and apply proper capitalization, punctuation, and spelling; and revise and edit essays.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: define environmental science and distinguish between conservation and preservation; identify and define ecosystems and habitats; evaluate the effects of pollution on ecosystems; illustrate the basics of atmospheric science, including how global warming affects weather patterns and climate; summarize elements of geological science that affect the environment, including tectonic plates and soil erosion; analyze issues affecting water resources, including aquifer depletion and water pollution; explain issues around land use and ownership, including sustainable forest management and wilderness management; calculate the impact of the human population on the environment; appraise waste management procedures and strategies for reducing solid waste; compare reusable and nonrenewable energy sources, including solar energy and fossil fuels; and summarize human behaviors that threaten the environment and identify strategies for sustainable consumption.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: discuss how financial decisions are made with proper advice, and calculate net worth; list the different kinds of consumer credit, read through a credit report, and define bankruptcy; compare different types of mortgages and discuss the differences between buying and leasing; examine tax systems and determine filing status for taxes; identify the types of health insurance and the consequences of liability; analyze annuities and draft a risk management plan; determine the differences between accounts (e.g., savings and money market funds); and create a will and understand the evolving changes in Social Security and cost of living .

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: focus on contemporary geography by examining cultural ecology and environmental determinism, and discovering how new technologies enhance geographical exploration; describe the development of languages and religions and identify differences in religious cultures; infer and justify the origins of human culture and its effect on the environment by examining the domestication of plants and animals and the impact of resource consumption; connect ethnic distribution with settlement patterns and evaluate the effect this has on cities, suburbs, and rural areas; break down economic sectors, assess their standards of living, and anticipate how the economy of a region is affected by its resources; assess the impact humans have on the environment, distinguish between renewable and non-renewable resources, and consider threats to environmental sustainability; weigh and debate the benefits of industrialization, genetic engineering, and chemical pesticides against land conservation and hazardous waste management; identify environmental risk factors such as toxins and pollutants, and question how politics can affect environmental health.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: define, identify, and construct various geometric figures; calculate geometric values of two- and three-dimensional shapes including perimeter, circumference, area, surface area, and volume; solve problems involving perpendicular lines, parallel lines, and parallel lines with transversals; prove that two triangles are congruent or similar using transformations as well as theorems and postulates; classify different types of polygons including triangles and quadrilaterals; compute values involving circles, chords, arcs, and sectors; recall the basics of conic sections including the parabolas, ellipses, and hyperbolas; apply coordinate geometry to solve problems and calculate values such as distance and midpoint; and explain the basic assumptions of non-euclidean geometry and apply trigonometric ratios to solve right triangles.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: describe the concepts and theories of healthcare management; demonstrate new skills through the use of materials, tools, and/or technology that are central to healthcare management; interpret and explain significant laws and ethics of healthcare management and delivery; administer basic management skills and foster productive team environments; select, construct, and critically analyze current strategic analysis and planning tools; and integrate management theory and evidence-based solutions with real world situations.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: compare and contrast how absolutism and constitutionalism affected Western Europe and how power shifted in the old empires through Western and Eastern Europe; explain world economies in the 1700s and society and culture of the 18th century; analyze the leaders of the scientific revolution and the enlightenment, breakthroughs within science and the effects on societies and political theory; examine the French Revolution and the rise of Napoleon, his reign of terror and the fall of his empire; outline the agricultural revolution, the industrial revolution and the British Reform movement; demonstrate the political developments, such as liberalism, radicalism, republicanism and socialism and the various revolutions resulting throughout Europe and the Americas; illustrate the spread of Nationalism and the second industrial revolution throughout Europe and the Americas in 19th and early 20th century; discuss imperialism in the 19th and 20th century; examine the main causes of WWI and study the famous battles; analyze what happened in Europe and Asia between the World Wars; categorize what caused WWII, why and how America entered the fight, and the development and use of the Atom bomb; and investigate the world following WWII and learn about economic and political reconstruction in Europe, the Chinese revolution and the creation of Taiwan.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: outline the cause of Reconstruction, the additions of the 13-15th amendment, conflicts with Native Americans and the spread of Urbanization and Industrialization throughout the 19th and 20th century; compare and contrast how the government worked to improve daily life at work, for African-Americans, the suffragette movement, and how American imperialism spread throughout the world in the late 19th and early 20th century; break down life and culture in the 20's, how it led to the Wall Street crash of 1929, the resulting Great Depression and how America emerged; identify the causes and major events of World War II, and the event of the Atom Bomb; examine Europe, Asia, the Soviet Union and America after the war; take a look at American post-war politics, life and culture; investigate the Cold, Korean and Vietnam War, McCarthyism, the Space Race, and the presidencies of Dwight D. Eisenhower and John F. Kennedy; analyze President Johnson, the civil rights movement, hippies, student activism, and the feminist movement; appraise the presidencies of Nixon, Ford, and Carter and events in the Middle East, Roe versus Wade and the Watergate scandal; illustrate the presidencies of Ronald Reagan and George Bush Sr. and the events that occurred during their presidencies; and assess the U.S since 1992 including the presidencies of William Jefferson Clinton, George Bush, and Barack Obama.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: appraise current trends and impacts on the hospitality industry, including technology, consumer behavior, international travel and tourism, political, social and economic trends, and quick service and limited service restaurants; perform market research within the hospitality industry, including using management information systems, different approaches and designs to research studies, as well as issues within data collection and ethics while researching; evaluate the markets and market segments in the hospitality and tourism industries and how to target those segments, including pricing, brand establishment, marketing strategies, and positioning strategies; recommend effective marketing strategies, including using different marketing channels, niche strategy, relationship marketing and global marketing; explain and describe advertising and its functions within hospitality, as well as different advertising strategies and approaches; assess the role that public relations plays in the hospitality industry including press releases and relations, crisis management, and corporate communication; and analyze the concept of personal selling and relate the steps and different methods involved in the selling process within the hospitality industry.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: identify issues and terms to address a research question; differentiate sources of knowledge; develop strategies to access information in multiple types of databases; evaluate sources for credibility and biases; create APA-formatted in-text citations, annotated bibliographies, and reference lists; and explain the ethical and legal use of research in articles, essays, and reports.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: solve basic logic problems and mathematical proofs, explaining the reasoning behind the solution; identify and compare different types of sets and their representation, including finite, infinite, countable, and uncountable sets; demonstrate techniques for performing operations and solving equations with rational and irrational numbers; differentiate between relations and functions, and determine if a function is an injection, surjection, or bijection; write equations to calculate combinations and permutations and use those equations to solve problems; measure the angles of a triangle and use indirect proofs to prove two lines are parallel; construct a geometric proof to determine the validity of a statement; calculate the area of basic geometric shapes such as triangles, quadrilaterals, polygons, and circles; compare figures to determine if they are symmetrical.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: identify continuities and discontinuities in functions and graphs; define and apply the Intermediate Value Theorem; determine the limits of functions and use a graph to define limits; summarize the formal definition of a derivative and appraise graphical representations of derivatives; calculate derivatives of trigonometric functions, polynomial equations, and exponential equations; calculate higher order derivatives; use Newton's Method to find roots of equations; define the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus; calculate integrals of trigonometric and exponential functions; and solve integrals using substitution and trigonometric substitution.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: describe the role of nursing informatics in healthcare environments; appraise the evolving roles and competencies of nursing informatics practice; explore the role of information technology in improving patient care outcomes and creating a safe care environment; demonstrate skills in using information management, communication devices, and patient care technology that support safe nursing practice; examine ethical and legal implications of nursing informatics related to data security, regulatory requirements, confidentiality, and client's right to privacy; and propose how technology can support collaboration and information exchange.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: define morality, recognize basic principles of morality, and identify approaches to the study of morality; recognize theories of moral development and moral belief systems; identify the origins of legal, moral, and ethical approaches in America and Western traditions; differentiate consequentialist and non-consequentialist views of morality; list major moral questions related to life and death; apply various moral and ethical paradigms to issues surrounding sexuality and interpersonal relations; recognize the role and application of morals and ethics in business, politics, medicine, and the justice system in the United States; identify categories of human rights and moral and ethical issues associated with humanitarian intervention; list the ways in which humans impact the environment and summarize the moral responsibility of humans to rectify the damage.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: explain the three means of heat is transferred and give examples for each; restate the first and second laws of thermodynamics in their own words; apply the ideal gas law to calculate the pressure, volume or temperature of an ideal; gas; discuss the characteristics of the different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum; demonstrate ray tracing techniques for lenses and mirrors; calculate the electric field generated by a charge at a given distance; explain the relationship between moving electric charges and magnetic fields; calculate the changes we see (length contraction, time dilation) due to things moving at relativistic speeds; and paraphrase what wave-particle duality means for; material objects such as electrons or planets.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: diagram the process of information processing; model strategies for advancing creativity and problem solving in a learning environment; diagram and assess the different stages of child and adolescent development; outline the zone of proximal development; diagram and explain Maslow's hierarchy of needs; compare and contrast methods of measuring intelligence; illustrate the impact and outline the types of learning disabilities in children; compare and contrast the different types of assessments used in learning, including advantages, disadvantages, and reliability; identify and differentiate between different instructional strategies and classroom management techniques; and analyze and describe Bloom's Taxonomy.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: explain why research is done and what makes high quality research; examine the concerns involved when using human participants in research, such as informed consent, protection from harm and maintaining privacy; describe how to structure a research project, from selecting the right problem to research to figuring out the right data collection technique; compare and analyze different types of experiments, surveys, content analysis, statistics, and field research; analyze non-experimental research to learn about its purpose, survey research, correlational research and the relationship between variables; investigate types of qualitative research design, such as case study, ethnographic, historical research, grounded theory and phenomenological; discuss developmental research and ex post facto, longitudinal, cross-sectional, and pretest/posttest design; examine experimental design to learn about measurement types, variables (continuous and discrete), random assignment, control groups, factorial design, sampling and sampling methods; review frequency distributions, measure of central tendency, measures of variability, inferential statistics, hypothesis testing, chi-squared test and analysis of variance (ANOVA); and examine what external and internal validity is, variables that affect them, drawing conclusions based on internal validity, limits to generalization of a research study and interpreting a non-significant outcome.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: explore the field of gerontology and the definitions of age; examine psychological and psycho-social theories and models of aging, stereotypes associated with older adults, and demographics of the aging population; go through a basic introduction to personality; delve into the five-factor model of dispositional traits; survey and compare Neugarten's personality styles, Erikson's stages of identity formation, Jung's personality theories, Levinson's stages of adult development, and Freud's psychoanalytic theory; look at common physical, psychological, and emotional changes occurring in late adulthood; identify fitness concerns, factors influencing longevity, and causes of disability, morbidity, and mortality; explore health treatment options, medications, and costs; identify differences between disease and aging, and note the trends related to health and illness; examine the parts of the brain and note the age-related changes occurring in the brain's autonomic nervous system, neurons, and neurotransmitters; learn how these changes affect emotional and cognitive processing and discover ways exercise benefits the brain; compare the STAC and HAROLD models of activation; go over bilateral activation and dopaminergic system changes; get an overview of how aging affects the hair, skin, and voice; study skin layers, muscle tissue, and muscle function before examining the extent to which mobility and build change with age; analyze the functions of both the major skeletal muscle and the skeletal system; see how physical changes to personal appearance affect self-concepts; explore changes to sleep patterns and physical appearance during late adulthood; begin with an overview of the sensory system and work through the lessons to discover the effects of aging on vision, hearing, taste, smell, and balance; explore changes in motor and sensory skills; review other changes to perception and sensation; go over functions of the human circulatory and cardiovascular systems and discover how they change with age; examine common heart conditions and respiratory diseases; Identify the anatomy of the lungs and airway, as well as the functional changes to the respiratory system caused by aging; review anatomy of the endocrine system and the male and female reproductive systems; study the effects of aging on each system; learn about common chronic health conditions among older adults and find out how they can be managed; identify the influences of family history, genetics, socioeconomic issues, diet, exercise, substance abuse, stress, and sleep on chronic health conditions; research the ways in which attention, long-term memory, implicit and explicit memory, and working memory are affected by the aging process; examine such topics as recall versus recognition, how aging changes memories, and the factors impacting memory; define cognition and then compare Piaget's stages of cognitive development to the changes that occur in late adulthood; learn how aging changes language acquisition, problem solving, and information processing; investigate methods for defining, testing, and researching intelligence; explore intelligence types and the development of primary and secondary mental abilities; learn the definition of wisdom and explore its relation to life experience; survey approaches to psychopathology and mental illness alongside various classifications, approaches, and models to lifespan development disorders; identify factors contributing to life satisfaction among older adults; sort through causes and treatments for generalized anxiety and panic disorders, specific phobias, social phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and trauma-related disorders; analyze causes of substance disorders and dependence on various depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogens, including alcohol, amphetamines, and cannabis; discover the various approaches to treating substance-related disorders; consider the causes and treatment techniques for cognitive disorders, including dementia and Alzheimer's disease; study additional late-in-life disorders, including depression, stress, and anxiety; survey stress, mood, and depressive disorders; examine causes and treatment for mood disorders; explore current theories on stress disorders and go over positive psychology; learn characteristics of such therapies as individual, group, biological, life review, and pet therapies; investigate the effectiveness of various treatment techniques designed for older populations, including sensory training, reality orientation, and remotivation; discover the family relationships, friendships, and love relationships that develop in adulthood; identify issues surrounding marriage, divorce, cohabitation, remarriage, restructured families, and widowhood; examine stages of parenting and grandparenting; establish aspects associated with abusive relationships, including neglect, elder abuse, and exploitation; review the psychological impact of caring for aging parents; review factors contributing to occupational choice; discover how age affects occupational choice and explore causes of job satisfaction and dissatisfaction among older workers; go over Super's stages of occupational development; inspect such concepts as age diversity, stereotypes, and discrimination; learn how work and leisure time relate to achievement in late adulthood; examine factors affecting retirement, the social context of aging, and the challenges of ageism; study the stages of dying and bereavement, the history of hospice care, and the concept of dying with dignity; and explore end-of-life issues and the reaction to death across the life span.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: model the structure and describe the function of atoms; appraise the laws of thermodynamics; diagram the characteristics of planets in our solar system; differentiate between speed, velocity, and acceleration; illustrate the theory of relativity; diagram and explain the makeup of Earth's center and surface; label the organelles of a cell and illustrate the concepts of passive and active transport in cells; summarize basic biochemistry topics, including DNA, RNA, and anaerobic respiration; diagram how different types of waves are interpreted as sound or light; and predict how different organisms, populations, and communities interact with each other and their environment.